All about Machu Picchu

What is Machu Picchu?

Machu Picchu is one of the best examples of Inca engineering and architecture. The citadel was built in the 15th century, during the government of Inca Pachacutec and was later left unoccupied during the empire’s invasion. After centuries, it was rediscovered by the famous American historian and professor Hiram Bingham, who brought it worldwide fame. Today, the place remains one of the favorites of travelers visiting Peru.

The name Machu Picchu is made up of two Quechua words: Machu, which means “Old” and Picchu, “Mountain”. It is an exciting place, full of history. To live it fully it is important to investigate and know its past and culture.

Brief history of Machu Picchu

This archaeological site arouses the interest of academics and curious people from all over the world. Machu Picchu was built in the 15th century during the government of Inca Pachacutec, during the time of the expansion of the Inca empire. Due to its strategic location, it could have been a large administrative center, or residence of royalty. It is also said that its cultivation areas could have provided sustenance for its inhabitants. In 1572, it was vacated, leaving its buildings, terraces and walls, structures built entirely of stone.

Hiram Bingham, an American academic and professor, rediscovered Machu Picchu while investigating the last vestiges of the Incas in Vilcabamba. He arrived at the place in 1911, guided by locals. Between 1912 and 1915, his archaeological study was carried out, financed by Yale University, National Geographic and the Peruvian government. Machu Picchu was presented to the world in 1913.

Over the years, the importance of the site has continued to increase. UNESCO listed Machu Picchu as a World Heritage Site in 1983, and it was designated one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in 2007. It is certainly a spectacular place!

Where is Machu Picchu located?

Machu Picchu is located in the Peruvian Andes mountain range, 2,430 meters above sea level, in the department of Cusco (Urubamba province, Machu Picchu district) in the Sacred Valley of the Incas and above the town Aguas Calientes. The closest major city is Cusco, current regional capital and former capital of the Incas.

How to get to Machu Picchu?

There are two ways to get to Machu Picchu. First of all, there are tours that depart from Cusco or Ollantaytambo, these are recommended for travelers who want to reach the Inca wonder quickly and easily. There are numerous tour companies that offer day trips or longer packages that include transportation, tour guides, entrance tickets, etc.

However, if you are feeling more adventurous, you can take the Inca Trail route, a hiking expedition that you can do from the city of Cusco or the Sacred Valley of the Incas, which usually lasts four days and only admits 500 visitors per day. Before embarking on this walk, a special permit is required with which you will enjoy landscapes and tourist attractions along the way, to finally explore the famous citadel.